CD0901-2 Creative Humans Shares

Semester 2 Conclusion

2009-09-05T03:46:00.000-07:00

Sorry ! It's only now that I'm trying to conclude our 2nd semester..

.. although 3rd semester had just ended.
heh

I’m Chen Mun Hong
and here’s a question.

Have you imagine how’s the moment when you’re in the plane to a far destination with a group of your friends? There’s a lot of thing that you can do. You can have your meal or a tea break, playing video games, watch movies, listen to music, chit chat, playing cards, write your own note or diary, looking around wasting time and sleep. However, when it comes to a certain time, you have to leave the plane because it had reached to the destination just like now which everything is over for Semester 2 and that the time that you had captured and treasure it.

We’ve been working hard enough for every assignments, playing a fool in the class, stay up late night to finish up our assignments and even having some madness moment in the class but when it comes to the final of our works, we felt our stress release and relaxing. Enough effort that we put in which get the marks equally.

Design 2, I find it interesting because there are different types of assignments
and also because it is lectured by Lily.
We have been with her for 2 semesters (Design 1 & Design 2).
Everyone is stunned and stares at her whenever she gives her guidance and advice on things.
However, we might still be able to meet her again in the Typography class!

This is Computer Graphic 2 class aka Photoshop class.

Ah! And this is Figure Studies 2. One of the subjects that gives a lot of assignments
but we are never stressed because of Liang Feng's jokes.

I'll never forget Hoean too.
He did helped me a lot and I did not fail in this subject ! XD

When it comes to the dateline of an assignment, we get see and learn from each other’s work which has the impressive outcome or normal outcome or surprising outcome or even some for entertainment ( my figure drawing ).

Some people think that it make them feel stress, some people enjoy doing the assignments and one person get to finish it in 10 minutes time ( it was rejected of course )

HAR ! Come to this, Drawing 2.
Usually I would sleep before starting any of the paintings.
A class with " sleeping pill " environment.

When it's left with 1 hour before the class ends, I'll just rush my painting and pass it up and it was accepted
but of course the quality is equivalent with the time you spend in it.

So this is our calligraphy and letterform class. Our lecturer Pakia!
I would say that this subject is interesting in terms of creating logos and redesigning logos.

And the most important point is that we are able to be in one team together in this 8 months facing every single problems although there’s some conflicts around but we have overcome it.

History of Art 2, we had one of the biggest project which is 1+1=3, a costume design using with 2 art movement applied.

Last but not least, our challenging moment in Language and Communication Skills 2 with Wong Chong Sern in group E1 and Pinky Khoo in group E2.
I miss this subject !

E1 Miss Pinky Khoo

E2 Wong Chong Sern

So, these are the subjects that we studied in Semester 2.
And there's just one more thing.
It is a bad news and also a good news to us
which is Jun Mei is leaving TOA.
It is sad that she's leaving but it is also happy
that she had make her decision.

Therefore, we had a lunch with her along with Jevi.
And we took some photos after the lunch.

The photo below taken as a farewell for TanV after
he "predicted" that he will be failing one of the subjects.

We have another version of this photo.

Farewell, Jun Mei !

However, honestly speaking, I really enjoyed these 8 months.
Starting of the first semester, we looked at each other like strangers
but now we all enjoy together like monkeys!
Fool around in class, do assignments together, joke around during lectures
and even finish our assignment together last minute!

I was chosen as " class crab " and now I'm nothing again
but I'm glad that I can be your " class crab " where everytime lecturer do look for me
when there's " something ".

And also I would like to apologise to any of you if there are any inconveniences.
But we will continue our journey in these blogs!

AD0901-1
AD0901-2

Concluded by Chen Mun Hong ( Class Crab of CD0901-2 )
Edited by Sueen Thoo

Costume Day

2009-09-01T21:22:00.000-07:00

It was...
the second last day of Semester 2

and also last class for History of Art 2.
Presents you our Costume Design!

========================================================

Leader : Sunwoo Hyung
Group member : Lee Shen, Tan V, Sam Lai, Timonthy, Alton Lee, Natasha
Art movement : Art Nouveau + Fauvism
Model : Natasha & Sunwoo Hyung
---------------------------------------

Additional flower by Daniel

The speakers

Natasha the model

Lee Shen & TanV the " MC "

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Fooling around during the presentation

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Leader : Sueen Thoo
Group member : Chin Yuen, Xin Yi, Kai Xuan, Li Hua, Chun Lam, Kelly
Art movement : Op Art & Happening
Model : Kelly See & Xin Yi
Final Outcome : Youtube Link
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Begin with a catwalk

Explanation by Sueen Thoo

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Group Name : Gryn Envir
Leader : Lim Kean Woei
Group member : Kah Chun, Kin Meng, Li Hui, Peggy, Mun Hong, Eeling, Rocky
Art movement : Futurism & Street Performance
Model : Chen Mun Hong
Final Outcome : Youtube Link

Scroll Down!

During the presentation

Special Seeds

Daniel's opinion

And lastly group photo, The Gryn Envir!

========================================================

Leader : Mansoureh
Group member : Jian Hao, Felicia Goh, Shuen Tien, Wai Kin, Desy
Art movement : Minimalism & Performance Art
Model : Mansoureh, Shuen Tien, Jian Hao , Felicia
---------------------------------------

========================================================

Fooling around during the presentation, take 2

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These are all groups from CD0901-1

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Fauvisme + Performance Art

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And this is our very last moment during HOA2

Wire Sculpture

2009-08-29T05:49:00.000-07:00

This is a class assignment in Design 2!
our LAST assignment. remember?
lets just see wat can cd0901-2 create in 2hr or less then tat.
Two in a group.

Chin Yuen & Kelly ( Sweet Container )

Sam Lai & Chen Mun Hong ( Multi Task Holder )

Rocky & Eeling ( Multi-Task Holder )

Tan V & Alton Lee ( Accessories Box )

Yap Kah Chun & Leaw Lee Shen ( Key Holder )

Sueen & Xin Yi ( Accesories Holder )

Chun Yong & Jian Hao

Kai Xuan & Chun Lam ( Pen Holder )

Li Hua & Daniel ( Chicken Flower Vase )

Peggy & Li Hui (mini basket)

everything are usable! how good are we! LOL. being sarcastic. haha

Recycle Art

2009-08-23T02:15:00.000-07:00

Is been some times for not updating this site. sorry for that.

5th of august.
is the day we exhibit our Design 2 Recycle Art at The One Gallery. At the same time, presenting it to lecturer Lily.

So let the picture starts the main topic.
Arrive around 9am for the set up.
What we can see here is, we CD0901-2 do

HELP around :)

Jolyn with her carlsberg :3

Fooling around while setting up

Okay , back to serious wan. Presentation's section I present

group of

natasha, huiling, eeling, kaixuan and chunlam

their selected art works:

~table~

~lamp~

Group of

TanV ,Kin Meng,Kah Chun, Chun Yong, Jian Hao

their selected art works:

~ Flower pot ~

~ Table lamp ~

group of

Xin Yi, Mun Yie, Kean Woei, Chin Yuen

their selected art works:
~stool~

~table~

~BBQ pit~

group of

Sueen, Mansi, Sam, Mun Hong, Wai Kin

their selected art work:
~lamp~

~table~

lily trying on their chair

group of
Timothy, Sunwoo, Jolyn, Lee Shen

their selected art works:
~sink~

~water dispenser~

~fruit basket~

group of
Daniel, Li Hui, Li Hua, Peggy, Rocky

their selected art works:
~vase~
~lamp~

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getting compliments from Lily 8D
I now present you the selected art work of maximalism.
Kelly's
Mansoureh's
Kaixuan's

Keanwoei's
Chunlam's
Xinyi's
Lee Shen's
Kin Meng's
Rocky's

*click on the image to get a larger view n size of it if u wanna save them up

Poser

2009-08-03T17:48:00.000-07:00

It was during the last 2 weeks ago.

Two of us have to pose the same action as the reference at a time.
It was tiring ~

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Wai Kin & Alton ( Couple with formal wear )

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Chin Yuen & Kelly See ( Couple on the boat sailing )

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Yi Hao & Mansoureh ( Couple at the forest )

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Tan V & Kin Meng ( Lovely couple kissing )

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Kai Xuan & Kean Woei ( Individual act )

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Peggy & Kah Chun ( Indivi

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Chin Yuen & Chun Lam ( Individual act )

Sexy woman pose by Chin Yuen

Natasha & Mun Hong ( Individual act )

Sexy woman pose by Mun Hong

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Lee Shen & Jolyn ( Individual act )

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Daniel & Hui Ling ( Individual act )

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Mun Hong & CY ( Dancing )

Later we have Figure Studies 2 class again but it's the end of this section
and back to normal class !
Keep this moment in your memories, CD0901-2 people. =)

Letterform Presentation 1

2009-07-08T06:17:00.000-07:00

For those outsiders who dont know. this is one of the assignment that we are required to do for letter form and calligraphy class.

LETTERFORM DESIGN. ALPHABET.

Here's some photo of the presentation and their works

Timothy

Felicia Liew - Malay Tribal Motif

Yap Kah Chun - Bottle
Fail to be Blow Water King of the day! XD

Won Chin Yuen - Pine Tree
Blow Water King of the day

Jolyn Wee - Bird

Sueen- Banana

Sunwoo- Seahorse

Kelly See - Doll

Lihui-

Mansoureh - Cat

Kai Xuan - Cactus
" I choose to use cactus because it look spiky and round shape. "

Kean Woei - Hibiscus

Chun Lam - Furniture

Xin Yi - Crab

Wai Kin - Grapes

Hui Ling - bonsai plant

Lee Shen - Great Wall of China
" I choose to use Great Wall of China because I don't want this history to be ignored by this generation bla bla bla "

Sam - Hair

Kin Meng - Vase

Shuen Tien-

Peggy Khor - Rose

Daniel - Tulip flower

Li Hua - Daisy

Tan V - Chimpanzee
" I choose chimpanzee because I like banana "

Chen Mun Hong - Bamboo

Rocky Ang - Grafitti Banana

Then, here's the assignment
Do research on 3 company

Good luck! =D

Exploration Week

2009-06-28T05:15:00.000-07:00

Semester 2 Exploration Week

- Monday -
Major Talk
10am-4.30pm

- Tuesday -
Letterform and Calligraphy - Presentation
2pm-5pm

- Wednesday -
Drawing 2
2.30pm-6.30pm

- Thursday -
Design 2 - Field trip @ KLCC Kinokuniya
11.30am start

- Friday -
History of Art 2
9.30am - 11.30am

E1 LCS Class,
12pm start

Heroes of the Day

2009-06-26T08:21:00.000-07:00

They're presenting their artwork and meanwhile others no need to present!

Sorry for the blur photos.
Looking forward to Exploration week next week!

GOOD JOB FOR NAMECARD DESIGN!!!

2009-06-18T09:05:00.000-07:00

before u go through the picture of your good work,
lets just say a little "thank you" and " I'm proud" to your own self for putting much effort on this assignment..
the most important thing is, we brighten Lily's day. don't we?? :)

Alton's cotton company.

Elaine' s florist.

Hyung' s icecream company.

Lihua' s sushi restaurant. a tooth pick holder.

Rocky's frame company.

Xinyi' s fashion boutique. an emergency sewing kit.

Nathan's sweet company.

Dennis's bao company.

TanV' s recycle company.

Waikin' s gadget chips company.

Kevin's camera studio.

Chinyuen' s art shop.

Mansi's

Sueen' s fahion boutique.

Timothy's animation company.

Huiling's florist.

Daniel's luggage company.

Lihui' s termites company.

Chunlam's optical company.

Kinmeng's puzzle company. where u can ply with the puzzle.

Kaixuan's fashion boutique. key chain toy.

Keanwoei's slimming center. pulling tab pop up is used.

Kelly's chocolate factory. attached with Cabry choc inside.

Peggy's salon.

DADA~~~ -2 class work.
====================================

ALL the best for Friday's HOA2 midterm exam.

adios. see ya. :)

Drawing 2

2009-06-09T18:00:00.000-07:00

Drawing class on Monday 11/6/2009!

Tan V's story on that day.

He's so frustrated. *roar*

Figure Studies 2

2009-06-02T05:51:00.000-07:00

Today's class

Assignments for this week !

Best Figure of the Week !

T-Shirt Design

2009-05-22T07:58:00.000-07:00

TAKE NOTE

The due date has been changed to 22/6/2009.
The reason is we can get to wear it earlier before semester break! XD

T-shirt with collar template.
Choose a template as you like.

T-Shirt Design

2009-05-17T17:26:00.000-07:00

Let make a T-Shirt for us!

The design is up to you but try to use lesser colours
because there will be additional cost for colours. =)

Below here is a T-Shirt template, use it to make your design.

T-Shirt Sample Template credit to DeviantArt

You have to put our class index " CD0901-2 " in your design.
And create your own slogan in your design.

TAKE NOTE !

Due date will be on 13/7/2009 which is on Monday.
Please submit it to me ( Mun Hong ) before or by that date. ^^

First day of Semester 2

2009-05-11T07:31:00.000-07:00

It been a long day. We're in TOA from 9.30am to 6.30pm. We study almost the whole day. XD

Letterform & Calligraphy Class

The note

During break time in library

Drawing 2 Class

Our home assignment! x)

Semester 2 Time Table

2009-05-07T02:03:00.000-07:00

Have a look ! ^^

Semester 2 CD0901-2 Time Table

Semester 1- Conclusion

2009-04-21T20:06:00.000-07:00

Finished Art
It was the first class in our first day in TOA. The lecturer look fierce or should we said he did look straight when we first saw him but it was not true. He's a nice guy. As what I have read in Xin Yi's post. She's right. William wants everything to be perfect. Not only that but neatness and creativity.

I still remember he use the wheel pop up to phycho me and asked me " Do your work properly..... do your work properly... put more effort.. put more effort.. " Well, quite sometime it works because I remember that.
(said by Chen )

That goes same to others rite?! he will either say "good job" when u did your assignment well or say "come see me tomorrow" when your work gt rejected by him. haha

Well, should we say william is jus a perfectionist. Future AD student! always remember this perfectionist till the rest of ur life!

These photo was taken during the pop up presentation on 13/4/2009

Last minute preparation

and also finishing

Introducing Mr. William

During the presentation

Li Hui's Pop up presentation.

The day where Lee Shen learn a new word, "STACK UP "

The most geng " cui sui " person during that day.

during break

Kelly says, " Yerr, I also want to take " XD

Group photo 1

Group photo 2

And remember, The JellyFish! (dennis munhong)

Communication Skills E1
Chicago Manual.. Non-verbal Communication.. Citation.. OBC.. Plagiarism.. Remember all this for the rest of your life !
Is a fun class here with May-Ann. She always wanted us to be in professional class. So she always " bite " us when we do mistake! xD She's really good. She always be the earliest one to enter the class bcz b4 us, she gt to teach another class. when mayann had finish with the other class, she straight away start our lesson n not even asking for a break. We always fool around in the class and she don't mind at all. Hehe

These photos are taken during the group presentation on 6/4/~~20009~~ 2009

Group 1 ( Sam Lai [ L ] , Peggy & Tan V )
Group 2 ( Rocky Ang [ L ], Chen Mun Hong, Kok Kin Meng ]
Group 3 ( Shuen Tien [ L ], Leaw Lee Shen & Elaine )
Group 4 [ Anna [ L ], Daniel, Thomas ]
Group 4 [ Thomas ]

during break

Tan Sri V (credits go to xinyi for snaping!) XD

AC Li Hua
AC = Act Cute
(credits go to xinyi for snaping XD)
AC Thomas
Our Memories Moment. Let not forget who we are.

Communication Skills E2

its E2 turn to talk about. well, nth to say much, cz sueen n xinyi had talk about their lecturer which is chongsern sooo much in class... they have jus too much gossip of him till student of E1 get annoy by tat two gossip girls.

lets jus put some words. E2 student is among the best group student with the best learning attitude chongsern had teach all the while. we kinda beat the rest of his student ever since he start to teaching.
this is somthing E2 student should be proud off! lets us not forgetting our beloved wong chongsern who always gt "gek" by Mr.won n wai kin and his teaching. like wat written in the begining of E1. remember those comunication skills!

for more info about lcs E2, proceed to xinyi's blog. XD
(pray hard ppl! so tat next semester, E2 lecturer would still remain as it is!) amen~

Figure Studies 1
Somehow, this class can called " Time Eater ". We have spend more than 3 hours per drawing which is figure drawing. We usually laugh at each other's work which turn someone faces into something funny! XD
(er.. the back sitter in m1, are we pointing at dennis??? haha)(no offence boy!)
(remember the OBAMA's big fans??!!)

First day of Figure Studies 1 - Proportional

These are some work done by us and lecturer.

SS's drawing

Lesson to choose a good figure reference xD

And this, demo by the lecturers

Moment during class.

(do u all realise, huiling dont look into the camera most off the time?)
(u onli noe, if and onli u visit others classmate blog with her photo in)

group pic with CK SS CC

Last but not least

Look alike le? Hehe (begining of the semester)

History of Art and Design
history again?! how would u thought tat there is this subject for us to attend rite?! the name spell it all.. his-story and most of us here doesnt like it. i(xinyi) respect those hu love HISTORY.

However, sooner or later, history of art isnt tat bored rite. its still kinda fun and interesting to get to know more about the greatmaster's master piece. c'mon ppl! we the future designer gt to inspirer by them! :D besides tat, it isnt jus lecture class but there's movie for us to watch. wat movie do u expect when you are attending history of arts??? for sure sumthing relater to arts arts arts and ARTS. haha.Althought it is about history of art, it is quite interesting. and dont you think u noe more about goya now, my fellow friends?

almost the end of the semester, we are asked to set up and exhibition..reinvent the old famous painting and also advertise a product by using another piece of painting. its totally an interesting event for us. think out of a box!

well, hope to see our macho, sexy stephen spoon soon~

One and only group picture with spoon.

fooling around during set up

The exhibition corridor

One of the group's presentation

Another group's presentation

Design 1
" Every assignment need to be hand up in time, if not, no marks for the assignment " said by Lily. That what we always keep in mind. She's really a good lecturer. She was strict with our work. She want us to keep coming out more idea and be creative. Oh ya, one thing she don't like realistic thing. Only ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT !

First day of Design 1 class

Tan V is desperate with his colouring

Color experimenting

He's too shy to show his colour experiment ( but you can see obviously from this picture )

" Design " Portrait

Before

After, Kelly's master piece

Drawing 1
A class which really show a big improvement of our works. The outline, shading, proportional, value and also.. the golden point. These are our " tools " for our future! We should make good use of it. =D

The Golden Point

" Morning " Time

" Night " Time

Demo by the Lecturers

Jun Mei

Chun Chuan

Jevi KCH

Overall, the lecturers really happy with our improvement.

Time to work!

But there's time to relax too. xD

New view set by CD0901-2

Coconut

Malaysian Studies
Do you have any comments? Well, editor has nothing to say about it.

Computer Graphic Design 1
Same goes to M'sian study. Anything you wanna make a conclusion????

Just leave your message at the chat box, editor will help u to add your comment into this post!

Last but not least, farewell CC. Come back when you're free but don't come back when we come find you. =D

What more can i say? We've had fun, we've enjoyed the company of each other, we've learned a lot, we've been encouraged and encouraging, we talked crap, and, we loved and are loved by each other? Yes, it's been a pleasant time being with me(cd0901-2) right ? XD

Your companionship are deeply missed :D

HAPPY HOLIDAYS CD0901-2
HAPPY SEMESTER BREAK!
DO YOUR FIGURE AND KEEP IN TOUCH!
TAKE CARE EVERYONE. ESPECIALLY TO THOSE WHOM ARE GOING BACK TO HOME TOWN. HAVE A SAVE JOURNEY.

Semester 1 Group Photo

2009-04-01T07:21:00.000-07:00

Listen everyone.
Start from next Monday, we try to take group photo for each lesson as memories.
So please do remind to come everyday. xD

Note from Monitor

Drawing 1-Charcoal & Result.

2009-03-27T03:51:00.000-07:00

Its our 1st charcoal lesson!!! Most of us are excited perhaps. aren't you?? =)

Beginning of the lesson was a short briefing by Jevi and CC.
in the middle of the briefing session, we actually gt to know JEVI's full name. which is KCH! we are with him or he are with us for like 3months+ but we only gt to know his real name on tat day. what a class. Haha.

patience n passion

Lecturer Jun Mei curi tulang ! xD Joking joking

Slumber face. lol

Later on, the lecturer and tutors show the way to use charcoal in drawing.

demo demo

demo demo

demo demo

Now, is our turn to SHOW!
People working very hard!

"aiyak. charcoal kena hidung i"

Kinmeng! where u stare at???
Lee shen, not moving. staring at his creation.

Rocky concentrating... dun disturb him..
move on~

Eeling too working very hard.

man.. leeshen still not moving yet.. still staring at his "master piece" =.=

althon working hard on his piece.

hey! its xy's (me)!!!

Ini saya punya. xD (the proud Mun Hong)

Later on, we are called to gather to receive our midterm result.

Jun Mei cakap dia sangat puas hati dengan keputusan kita.

I'm glad Jevi so happy. His smiling face below.

CC also smiling. " Yam siu " x)

"Aplause to every one!"
There is a big imporvement for most of us!
Shall we keep it up.
Do much much much much much much much much much much.....
better in our final test which is the last week of semester!
Gambateh neh!

Then,around 3pm which is our figure critic session. Lead by tutor SS.

Tan V finally show his real identity. xD wakaka

Lastly, no home assignment for today but for those hu still owe drawing's assignment, pls rush ur work and hand in latest by next week!!! u dun wan to fail ur subject kan?? kan! kan?!
btw,there's a lot more assignment to be finish. T.T

And there a news. Don't know it call a bad news or a good news, CC is leaving TOA on May. He is going back to Penang and work in TOA at there. x(

Lets organize a farewell lunch with him. xD said mun hong.
we must organize!!!! 8D said xy.

Author-munhong

Editor-xy

Assignments in Week 9

2009-03-19T05:49:00.000-07:00

Assignment in this week

Finished Art - Mock-up

Figure Studies - 3 Figure drawing

History of Art - Final Presentation

Design 1 - Sketch 5 drawing about " Dream World "

Drawing 1 - 1 Value 1 Outline drawing

Coming more soon! Good luck and keep up! Let work together. =D

Oh yeah, prepare for your Malaysian Studies's mid-sem test tomorrow. xD

samples of still life drawing by lecturers

2009-03-17T01:34:00.000-07:00

Exploration Week

2009-03-10T07:02:00.000-07:00

Assignments on Exploration week :
Finished Art - Mock up
Design 1 - Logo
Drawing 1 - 8 Piece drawing
Computer Graphic - 4 Sketches Concert Poster Layout

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Drawing 1 assignment's briefing

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Splash Time @ Sunway Lagoon
[ 6/3/09 - Friday ]

TAKE NOTE

Drawing 1 Class on Thursday 12/3/09 9.30am-1.30pm
postponed to Friday 13/3/09 1.30pm-5.30pm

Communication Class (E1) on Thursday 12/3/09 2.30pm-4.30pm
postponed to Wednesday 18/3/09 10am-12pm

Communication Class (E1) on Monday 16/3/09 3pm-5pm
postponed to Thursday 19/3/09 3pm-5pm

Last but not least, all the best in your spm result on thursday.

By - Chen -

EXPLORATION WEEK SCHEDULE

2009-02-20T04:08:00.000-08:00

Updated on 25/2/09

# MONDAY
FINISHED ART - WILLIAM
9.30 - 1.30PM

# TUESDAY
DESIGN 1 - Reis
10-1PM

# WEDNESDAY
HISTORY OF ART AND DESIGN - STEPHEN POON
2.30-5PM
*AUDIO VISUAL HALL

# THURSDAY
DESIGN 1- Reis
10-1PM

DRAWING 1 -JUN MEI
2-4PM

# FRIDAY
THE ONE ACADEMY SUNWAY LAGOON SPLASH TIME
10-1pm

# SATURDAY
COMPUTER GRAPHIC DESIGN 1 - HANG SENG
9-12PM

DONE BY,
ME

Figure Studies Outline

2009-02-17T03:47:00.000-08:00

Full Face Study

Illustrated by CK

============================================================

Sketching

============================================================

Done !

Then later...

Understand?

Happy Valentine Day

2009-02-13T23:44:00.000-08:00

G I F T FROM X I N Y I

Ferrero Rocher CD0901-2

========================================================

========================================================

Kien Woei says " 情人节快乐!!! "

Lee Shen says " You want? "

Of course not forgetting our class today.

There's assignment too!

Lastly, Happy Valentine Days for the couples and
Happy Single Awareness Day for the singles!

2009-02-13T17:03:00.001-08:00

WE ARE NOW IN COMPUTER LAB!!!

happy valentine!!!! i love everyone of u~~

lots of love,
xoxo,
xinyi

Drawing 1 - Light + Shadow

2009-02-12T03:10:00.000-08:00

Lesson for today, Light + Shadow.

[ Shading, Hatching & Cross Hatching ]

[ During lesson ]

=======================================================

H O M E A S S I G N M E N T

[ Diagram 122-1 ]

[ Diagram 122-2 ]

Draw three pieces of " Diagram 122-1 " and shade the boxes with
shading, hatching and cross hatching.
Use the following size in " Diagram 112-2 "
NOTE : 3 PIECES

=======================================================

R E P L A C E M E N T C L A S S

[ Replacement class note on whiteboard. Witness : Jun Mei. ]

TUESDAY 3RD MARCH 2009
2.00PM - 4.00 PM
at DRAWING STUDIO 1

Posted by Monitor

Design 1

2009-02-11T04:05:00.000-08:00

Today's note. x)

Note 1

prepare mounting board, colour material, drawing block.
look for 4picture bout feeling, history, culture, art window

dateline for asignment lesson1 n lesson2: next wednesday. 18-2-09

Note 2

Note : Replacement class for Design 1 on the following date.

3th and 5th March 2009 at L2-2 Class - [10am - 1pm]

Enjoy ~

During Design 1 lesson.

Note from our classmate SUEEN , posted by Monitor , edit by XY

Finished Art - Lesson 2

2009-02-10T03:23:00.000-08:00

leave comment or contact if u wan the record for the byzantium , the lost empire

2009-02-07T22:24:00.000-08:00

the 4parts of the short records for the documentaries have some error while uploading.
therefor, if anyone of u want to have a look at it,kindly contact xinyi_sunflower@html.cm.
tq.
bare in mind, using ph to record that such a long documentary will nt give u a veryvery clear image n sound effect.
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things to do for the report;review.

1st page:
title: BYZANTIUM, THE LOST EMPIRE
NAME:
ID:
CLASS:
DATE:

2 nd page:
summary of
(part1)-envy of the world
(part2)-forever and ever

(part3)-write your point of view
(part4)-conclusion of this filem/documentary

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dateline: 10 for Feb -tuesday- before 2.30pm

frm our classmate SUEEN

2009-01-24T03:59:00.001-08:00

Paleolithic Art (The Birth of Art)

1. Paleolithic Art was produced from about 32,000 to 11,000 years ago.
2. Most early art are found in northern France and northern Spain.

3. What kinds of art were created during this time?
Only two kinds were created. Art was either portable or stationary, and both of these art forms were limited in scope.
Portable art was necessarily small (in order to be portable) and mainly consisted of either figurines or decorated objects. These things were carved (from stone, bone or antler) or modeled with clay. We refer to most of the portable art from this time as figurative, meaning it actually depicted something recognizable, whether animal or human in form. The figurines are often referred to by the collective name of "Venus", as they are unmistakably females of child-bearing build.
Stationary art was just that: it didn't move. The best examples exist in (now famous) cave paintings in western Europe, created during the Paleolithic period. Paints were manufactured from combinations of minerals, ochres, burnt bone meal and charcoal mixed into mediums of water, blood, animal fats and tree saps. We've guessed (and it's only a guess) that these paintings served some form of ritualistic or magical purpose, as they are located far from the mouths of caves where everyday life took place. Cave paintings contain far more non-figurative art, meaning many elements are symbolic rather than realistic. The clear exception, here, is in the depiction of animals, which are vividly realistic (humans, on the other hand, are either completely absent or stick figures).

4. What are the key characteristics of Paleolithic art?
Paleolithic art:
a. Concerned itself with either food (hunting scenes, animal carvings) or fertility (Venus figurines). Its predominant theme was animals.
b. Is considered to be an attempt, by Stone Age peoples, to gain some sort of control over their environment, whether by magic or ritual.
c. Represents a giant leap in human cognition: abstract thinking.

5. Examples:
a. Makapansgat pebble
The Makapansgat pebble or the pebble of many faces, is a 260-gram reddish jasperite cobble with natural chipping and wear patterns that make it look like a crude rendition of a human face and is considered the first manuport (a manuport is a natural object which has been moved from its original context by human agency but otherwise remains unmodified). Though it is definitely not a manufactured object, it has been suggested that some australopithecine (probably refers to the ancestors of the human kind and further information can be found on Wikipedia) or possibly another hominid (any member of the biological family that includes humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans), recognized it as a symbolic face and brought it back to camp. If so, it may be a candidate for the earliest example of symbolic thinking or aesthetic sense in the human heritage. The Makapansgat cobble is the oldest known object of this kind in the world, and for more than one half of the duration of human history it remains alone on our extremely fragmentary archaeological record.
The teacher Wilfred I. Eizman found it in Makapansgat in the Makapansgat valley (or Makapan Valley), South Africa in 1925. Almost 50 years later, Raymond Dart was the first to describe it in 1974.

b. Apollo 11 cave (25,500–23,500 B.C.)
Africa's oldest known paintings, small stone plaquettes with images of animals, were excavated from a rock shelter in southern Namibia in 1969 when the first spacecraft (Apollo 11) landed on the moon, hence its name. The date derived from charcoal deposits found in the layers of sediment surrounding the plaquettes. They may never have formed a part of the shelter wall but, rather, have been loose stones on which paintings were made. Now located in State Museum of Namibia.

c. Human with feline head (The Lion Lady)
A lion headed figure, first called the Lion man (German: Löwenmensch), then the Lion Lady (German: Löwenfrau), is a sculpture made of mammoth ivory. It is the oldest known animal-shaped sculpture in the world and one of the oldest known sculptures in general. The sculpture has also been interpreted as anthropomorphic, giving human characteristics to an animal, although it may have represented a deity. The figurine was determined to be about 32,000 years old.
Its pieces were found in 1939 in Stadel cave in Hohlenstein Mountain in the Lone valley (Germany). Due to the beginning of the Second World War, it was forgotten and only rediscovered thirty years later. The first reconstruction revealed a humanoid figurine without head. During 1997 through 1998 additional pieces of the Sculpture were discovered and the head was reassembled and restored. Today it is pieced together from more than 200 tiny pieces. This 'venus' may be an attempt to capture the power of the lion.
The sculpture is 29.6 cm (11.7 inches) in height, 5.6 cm wide and 5.9 cm thick. It was carved out of mammoth ivory using a flint stone knife.
Originally, the figure was classified as male by Professor Hahn. From examination of some additional parts of the sculpture found later, Professor Schmidt then determined that the figure was female (a lioness) and called it Lowenfrau (lionlady). Both interpretations lack scientific evidence however, there is no mane (indicating a male) on sculpture. Recently it is more often called a lion headed figurine, rather than the probably-incorrect title, lion man.
The sculpture can be seen in the Ulmer Museum in Ulm, Germany.

d. Woman holding bison horn (Venus of Laussel)
The Venus of Laussel is a 1.5 foot high painted limestone of a nude female figure, painted with red ochre. It is approximately 25,000 years old. It if found in the Dordogne Valley in France.The figure holds a bison horn in one hand, which has 13 notches. According to some researchers, this may symbolize the number of moons or the number of menstrual cycles in one year. She has her hand on her abdomen (or womb), with large breasts and vulva. There is a "Y" on her thigh and her faceless head is turned toward the horn.The figure was rediscovered in 1911 by J. G. Lalanne, a physician. It was found in a limestone rock shelter from Laussel, Dordogne, France. It is now in the Musée d'Aquitaine, in Bordeaux, France.

e. Two Bison
The sculpture of the two bison or the bison bull and the cow is found at Le Tuc d'Audoubert, Ariege. The sculptures are 63 and 61 cm long respectively from left to right. They probably cracked shortly after being made, as the clay dried. Each bison is approximately two feet long. (15,000 – 10, 000 BC)

f. Altamira cave paintings
Paintings of bison on a cave in Spain called Altamira. It was painted about 14,000 years ago (around 12000-11000 b.c.). 13,000 years ago a rock-slide closed the entrance and until 1879 no one ever went in there again. A hole opened up in the ground and a little girl ventured down like Alice in Wonderland. She ran to get her father, an amateur archaeologist. When he told the world what his daughter had discovered, no one would believe him. No prehistoric paintings like those had ever been seen. And they looked suspiciously modern. After a long debate the experts finally withdrew their objections and declared the paintings genuine. After that, people began to visit the Altamira cave in greater and greater numbers until the authorities decided to close it because the paintings showed damage from the moisture and heat that rose from the visitors. Each bison is approximately five feet long.

h. Spotted horses and negative hand imprints (22,000 BC)
This wall painting is discovered in the cave at Pech-Merle, Lot, France. It is painted with natural pigments. Some people believe the horse was created because the shape of the stone already resembled a horse. The handprints might have been signatures. It is approximately 11 feet 2 inches.

i. The hall of the bulls
The Great Hall of the Bulls covers about 20 meters and it is composed of three groups of animals: horses, bulls and stags.
The Great Hall of the Bulls cave painting begins with a unicorn-like figure who seems to be chasing a herd of horses. This is linked with a large, partially drawn bull towards the back of the hall. On the opposite side, a similar illustration made up of three large wild oxen (now extinct) balances this composition. The meeting point of these two groupings is a group of small stags painted in ochre.
The few symbols are limited to isolated or grouped dots, often black, and to variously colored dashes. The color black dominates the figurative works: only the group of stags, three bovines and four horses, of which three are incomplete, are colored red.
The Great Hall of the Bulls is located in Lascaux, France. It is dated back to 15000 to 13000 b.c.
The largest bull is approximately 11 feet 6 inches

j. Rhinoceros, Wounded Man and Disemboweled Bison (The Shaft of the Dead Man/Well Scene)
Well Scene is about the confrontation between a man and a bison while a rhinoceros flees on the left. Nearby is a bird figure on a stick, whose head interestingly resembles that of the man. This painting is found in a cave in Lascaux, Dordogne, France. It is dated back to 15000 to 13000 BC. The bison is approximately 3 feet 8 inches. It is described as the world’s oldest painting.

k. Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument located in the English county of Wiltshire. Archaeologists had believed that the iconic stone monument was erected around 2500 BC. Stonehenge was produced by a culture with no written language. There is little or no direct evidence for the construction techniques used by the Stonehenge builders.

References
Paleolithic Art
www.wadsworth.com/art_d/templates/student_resources/0155050907_kleiner/studyguide/ch01/ch01_1.html

http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/prehistoric/paleolithic.htm

http://arthistory.about.com/cs/arthistory10one/a/paleolithic.htm

makapansgat
http://mc2.vicnet.net.au/home/portable/web/manuport.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makapansgat_pebble

apollo 11 cave
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/apol/hd_apol.htm
http://www.africanrockart.org/rockafrica/apollo.html
http://arthistorypart1.blogspot.com/2008/01/prehistoric-rock-art-in-africa-apollo.html

human with feline head
http://www.donsmaps.com/lionlady.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion_man

woman holding bison horn
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_of_Laussel
http://www.donaldmiller.com/venus_of_laussel.htm
http://www.wadsworth.com/art_d/templates/student_resources/0155083155_gardner/chapterstudyguide/ch01-02.html

two bison
http://www.donsmaps.com/cavepaintings3.html

altamira cave paintings
http://www.humanities-interactive.org/ancient/iceage/ex038_07a.html
http://100swallows.wordpress.com/category/spain/

running of the bulls
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/france/lascaux-caves.htm

Stonehenge
http://www.britannia.com/history/h7.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonehenge

mail frm lecturer Chong Sern (language n comunication skill)

2009-01-23T05:34:00.000-08:00

Hello there,

Thank you so much, and I wish you & your family a great year ahead!

HAPPY LUNAR ‘NIU” YEAR!

Regards,

Chongsern

ANCIENT EGYPT

2009-01-22T04:56:00.000-08:00

Stepped Pyramid

The Pyramid of Djoser (Zoser), or step pyramid (kbhw-ntrw in Egyptian) is an archeological remain in the Saqqara necropolis, Egypt, northwest of the city of Memphis. It was built for the burial of Pharaoh Djoser by his vizier Imhotep, during the 27th century BC. It is the central feature of a vast mortuary complex in an enormous courtyard surrounded by ceremonial structures a
nd decoration.

This first Egyptian pyramid consisted of six mastabas (of decreasing size) built atop one another in what were clearly revisions and developments of the original plan. The pyramid originally stood 62 meters tall, and having a base of 109 x 125 m and was clad in polished white limestone.^[1] The step pyramid (or proto-pyramid) is considered to be the earliest large-scale stone construction, although the nearby enclosure known as Gisr el-mudir would seem to predate the complex.

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Giza

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Menkaure (king) and Khamerernebty (queen)

Ancient Egyptian sculptors were very busy creating sculptures of wealthy kings and their families. Sculptors created images of the dead to guarantee the permanence of the person’s identity by providing substitute homes for the ka in case the mummy didn’t survive the test of time. The ka is the life-force of a human, kind of like their soul. Upon death, the Egyptians believed the ka lived on in a person’s body. For the ka to live on, the dead body had to remain as intact as possible. To insure that it did, the Egyptians developed the technique of mummification.

One of the best examples of Egyptian sculpture of this kind is the joined portrait statues of Menkaure and Khamerernebty, a king and his queen. The sculpture is 4 feet 6.5 inches high, making it nearly life size. It stood by Menkaure’s pyramid, the smallest of the Great Pyramids. It is made a slate, a very hard stone common to Egypt.

In true godlike fashion, Menkaure and Khamerernebty are shown with perfect bodies and faces. The Egyptians considered ideal proportions appropriate for representing their royalty and did not all concern themselves with what the kings and queens looked like in real life. King Menkaure could have been wrinkly and chubby when he died but his status as a king guaranteed that he would be remembered as a youthful and well toned man—the way he would want to be for eternity in the afterlife.

You might also notice that Menkaure and his wife are standing very stiffly. Their arms are pressed right up against their sides, their legs are very close together and looking straight forward with perfect posture. The sculptor did this on purpose: to make sure the sculpture lasted for eternity. By making the figures very compact and solid without any arms or legs projecting out, the sculpture has very few breakable parts. The king’s headdress and the queen’s long hair also act to support the neck which is one of the most fragile parts of sculpture. Because of the way it was made, this sculpture has lasted for nearly 5000 years and with it the image and memory of Menkaure and Khamerernebty.

Although Menkaure and Khamerernebty were husband and wife, you may never know it by the way they are depicted. At least not by our standards. But Khamerernebty’s position, with her arm around her husband’s waist and her hand resting on his left arm, was the typical gesture of marriage in Ancient Egypt. During the time it was made, anyone looking at this statue would immediately know they are married and will be for the rest of time.
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The art of the ANCIENT NEAR EAST , (mesopotamia)

2009-01-22T03:06:00.000-08:00

INTRODUCTION:

The Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art covers both a lengthy chronological span and a vast geographical area. The collection of more than seven thousand works of art ranges in date from 8000 B.C. (the Neolithic period) to the Arab conquest and rise of Islam beginning in A.D. 651. The works come from ancient Mesopotamia, Iran, Syria, Anatolia, and other lands in the region that extends from the Black and Caspian Seas in the north to the southwestern Arabian peninsula, and from western Turkey on the Mediterranean Sea to the Indus River Valley in modern-day Pakistan and India. Societies throughout the ancient Near East maintained commercial and cultural contacts across great distances, although the routes, trade goods, and artistic styles and motifs that were exchanged varied in different periods.

Strengths of the department's collection, in formation for more than a century, include Sumerian sculptures; Anatolian ivories; Iranian bronzes; metalwork from Bronze Age Bactria in modern-day Afghanistan and Turkmenistan; and magnificent silver and gold vessels from the Achaemenid, Parthian, and Sasanian eras in Iran. These objects are joined by an extraordinary group of Assyrian stone reliefs depicting scenes of warfare and ritual and by enormous guardian figures, all from the Northwest Palace of Ashurnasirpal II (883–859 B.C.) at Nimrud, as well as by fine ivory carvings, many of which originally served as furniture ornaments at that site. There is also a large collection of stamp and cylinder seals representative of the various cultures of the ancient Near East.

Highlights from the department are presented online in roughly chronological order.

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HEad of Akkadian

Head of an Akkadian ruler,
from Nineveh, Iraq. 2300-2200 B.C.

Bronze, Iraq Museum, BaghdadThis bronze head from Nineveh, dating from about 2300 bc, represents an Akkadian king, possibly Naram-Sin. It stands about 30 cm (12 in) high and originally had precious gems embedded in the eye sockets. The stylized hair and beard are characteristic of Mesopotamian art.
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VIctory STELE of Naram Sin

Image: a victory stele of Naram-Sin, the great grandson of Sargon, named after the Moon -- Sin. Erected after 2250 BC. The two gods shown at the top as stars are the Moon and Jupiter. Jupiter is shown on his mountain.

"Originally this stele was erected in the town of Sippar, centre of the cult of the Sun god, to the north of Babylon. lt was taken as booty to Susa by an Elamite king in the 12th century BC. lt illustrates the victory over the mountain people of western lran by Naram-Sin, 4th king of the Semite dynasty of Akkad, who claimed to be the universal monarch and was deified during his lifetime. He had himself depicted climbing the mountain at the head of his troops. His helmet bears the horns emblematic of divine power. Although it is worn, his face is expressive of the ideal human conqueror, a convention imposed on artists by the monarchy. The king tramples on the bodies of his enemies at the foot of a peak; above it the solar disk figures several times, and the king pays homage to it for his victory." - Louvre
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Human-headed winged lion (lamassu),

883–859 B.C.; Neo-Assyrian period, reign of Ashurnasirpal II
Excavated at Nimrud (ancient Kalhu), northern Mesopotamia
Alabaster (gypsum); H. 10 ft. 3 1/2 in. (313.7 cm)
Gift of John D. Rockefeller Jr., 1932 (32.143.2)

From the ninth to the seventh century B.C., the kings of Assyria ruled over a vast empire centered in northern Iraq. The first great Assyrian king was Ashurnasirpal II (r. 883–859 B.C.), who undertook a vast building program at Nimrud, ancient Kalhu. Until it became the capital city under Ashurnasirpal, Nimrud had been no more than a provincial town.

The new capital occupied an area of about 900 acres, around which Ashurnasirpal constructed a mud-brick wall 120 feet thick, 42 feet high, and 5 miles long. In the southwest corner of this enclosure was the acropolis, where the temples, palaces, and administrative offices of the empire were located. In 879 B.C. Ashurnasirpal held a festival for 69,574 people to celebrate the construction of the new capital, and the event was documented by an inscription that read: "the happy people of all the lands together with the people of Kalhu—for ten days I feasted, wined, bathed, and honored them and sent them back to their home in peace and joy."

Ashurnasirpal's palace is described in the so-called Standard Inscription that ran across the surface of most of the reliefs: "I built thereon [a palace with] halls of cedar, cypress, juniper, boxwood, teak, terebinth, and tamarisk[?] as my royal dwelling and for the enduring leisure life of my lordship." The inscription continues: "Beasts of the mountains and the seas, which I had fashioned out of white limestone and alabaster, I had set up in its gates. I made it [the palace] fittingly imposing." Such limestone beasts are the human-headed, winged bull and lion pictured here. The horned cap attests to their divinity, and the belt signifies their power. The sculptor gave these guardian figures five legs so that they appear to be standing firmly when viewed from the front but striding forward when seen from the side. These lamassi protected and supported important doorways in Assyrian palaces.
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Ishtar Gate

Babylon and the Ishtar Gate

The Ishtar Gate of Babylon was built during the reign of King Nebuchadnezzar II (604- 562 BC). The foundations of the gate were discovered between 1899 and 1914, including numerous glazed bricks and unglazed figures. The entire Ishtar Gate was reconstructed to a height of 47 feet and now resides at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin.

The Ishtar Gate is one of the most dramatic finds from ancient Babylonia. Covered with dragons and bulls, Nebuchadnezzar dedicated the huge, ceremonial gate to the goddess Ishtar. It was the main entrance to the inner streets and temples of Babylon. King Nebuchadnezzar II was known for awesome building projects such as the restored temple of Marduk and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, which was considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

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Head of a king, probably Shapur II,

4th century ; Sa sanian period

Iran

Gilded silver; H. 15 3/4 in. (40 cm)

Fletcher Fund, 1965 (65.126)

The Sasanian dynasty of Iran ruled an area from the Euphrates River to Bactria from the third century A.D. until the Islamic conquest in the seventh century, controlling for much of that time the Silk Road from Byzantium to China.

Dating from the fourth century, this royal head, hammered from a single sheet of silver, with chased and repoussé details, has parallels in imperial portraits made in the Roman West. The king wears simple ovoid earrings and a beaded necklace of Sasanian fashion. His powerful stare and characteristic arched nose seem to suggest that the artist was attempting to convey a sense of majesty rather than an individual likeness. The identity of the subject of such representations, in relief or in the round, can often be determined by comparison of facial features and details of the crown with those of kings portrayed on Sasanian coins of the period. In this case, however, the crescent that decorates the crenellated crown and the striated orb that rises above it have no exact parallel. It does appear, however, on crowns worn by Kushano-Sasanian rulers. No crescent is seen on the official crowns of Shapur II, but a rock relief at Taq-i Bustan depicts Shapur III (r. 383–88) in a similar fashon.

The Birth of Art-Paleolithic Art

2009-01-21T00:23:00.000-08:00

Makapansgat.

Aus tr alopith ecine cav e site, c. 2.5-3.0 MYA.

Comment: Object first reported by Raymond Dart (see citation below), and recently microscopically examined by Robert Bednarik (see citation below). Reddish-brown jasperite, with quartz veins, the weathering of which contributed to the stone's features. All features natural. Geologic history indicates it was probably pick ed out of a slow-flowing stream or flood channel and carried for a considerable distance into the cave, which has Australopithecus africanus and other remains. Its initial provenance c annot be securely determined. Dart suggests it is from a source 32 km away; others suggest somewhat closer sources. With its red color, which would have been highly distinctive in its geologic setting, quartz inclusions and anthropomorphic features, Bednarik observes, "I have never seen a natural stone object with such remarkable visual properties."

Dart and others have noted that the piece has three faces depending upon orientation. Face 1 shown; for Face 2 turn upside-down; obverse has Face 3. Dart interprets Face 2 as Australopithecine -like; Face 3 as possibly a toothless oldster. Bednarik suggest that Face 3 "presents a face resembling the reconstruction of an australopithecine face, wearing a friendly if somewhat mischievous grin". Face 1 would be too much like a current sapiens sapiens face. In either case, all agree that the individual who carried to the site had an 'iconographic' sense. This is the earliest evidence for aesthetic sense in the hominid line. Bednarik concludes based on this object that "it is, in my view, essential to expect australopithecine behavior to be significantly more complex, in a cultural and cognitive sense, than that of any extant non-human primate."

a) photo Patrick Nagel. Dart, R. (1974) . The waterworn Australopithecine pebble of many faces from Makapansgat. South African Journal of Science 70 (June):167-169, fig. 1. For a color photo see Bahn, P. and Vertut, J. (1997). Journey through the Ice Age. Berkeley: University of California Press. Figure 2.1. For a thorough microscopic and geological analysis see Bednarik, R. G. (1998). The 'Australopithecine' cobble from Makapansgat, South Africa. South African Archaeological Bulletin 53:4-8.

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Women holding bison horn

The Venus of Laussel, an 18-inch high bas-relief sculpture of a woman holding a bison horn. It was found on a sheltered wall of limestone in the Dor dogne Valley in France and is more than 21,000 years old. Prehis toric religion specialists believe that the curved bison horn she is holding

symbolizes both the crescent moon and the Universal Vulva, the source of all life. The horn is incised with thirteen marks, corresponding to the 13 lunar months in a year.

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Two Bison

Bison bull and cow, modelled in clay in the rotunda of the Le Tuc d’Audoubert, Ariège, France

The sculptures are 63 and 61 cm long respectively from left to right. They probably cracked shortly after being made, as the clay dried. Although there are stalactites and stalgmites elsewhere in this cave system, there is no water dripping from the ceiling to destroy these sculptures. They are located at the very furthest point of a 900 metre cave, in a chamber reached only after an often uncomfortable and difficult journey.
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Spotted horse And Negative hand in printed

Signs, consisting of checks, dots, squares, or other arrangements of lines often accompany the pictures of animals. Representations of human hands also are common.
1-3: Spotted horses and negative hand imprints, wall painting in the cave at Pech-Merle, Lot, France, ca. 22,000 BCE. Approx. 11’ 2” long.

Infrared photography has revealed that the first horse, drawn in outline, was filled in over a period of time with sets of red and black spots applied both by blowing and by patting on the paint. Next, spots and handprints were placed around the horse. The smaller horse was drawn later. Alexander Marshack notes, "The sequence suggests a long-term, periodic, and variable ritual use of the wall and the horse."
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the Hall of bulls

Panoramic view of a cave wall
Lascaux, France, early period, 15,000-13,500 B.C.
Photograph courtesy of Musée de Périgord, Periguex,France

As many as 13 different styles are identifiable in the overlapping naturalistic figures painted on the walls of this cavern, each from a different time period. The largest bull, from the Great Hall of Bulls, measures 18 feet in length. Consider the remarkable abilities and observational capacities of these early artists: these paintings, among the earliest known, were made by the flickering light of oil-bearing stone lamps, almost certainly without the animals being present.
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Wounded man and disemboweled bison

Rhinoceros, wounded man and disemboweled bison
(Lascaux, France)

c. 15,000-13,000 BC

Sometimes called the Well Scene owing to its location in a deeper, less accessible area in the caves of Lascaux, France.

This is a good image to use early in the semester to encourage class participation concerning the various ways historians obtain information. As this is a prehistoric image, historians have to interact with anthropologists as well as art historians to arrive at reasonable interpretations of its meaning. We must also stress that with any prehistoric art any such interpretations are educated speculation and could be totally incorrect.

General background: The artists were hunter-gatherers who, using flickering torchlight, painted such images in relatively inaccessible areas of certain caves. Because of their location most scholars believe that the paintings were meant to serve magical/religious purposes. It should also be noted that images of humans were rare and this is one of the first depictions of one of our early ancestors.

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PALEOLITHIC Art

2009-01-21T00:04:00.000-08:00

1-INTRODUCTION
Paleolithic Art, art produced from about 32,000 to 11,000 years ago, during the Stone Age. It falls into two main categories: portable pieces, such as small figurines or decorated objects, and cave art. The portable art was carved out of bone, antler, or stone, or modeled in clay. It has been found in much of Europe, in Northern Africa, and in Siberia. Cave art, discovered primarily in northern Spain and southern France, takes the form of paintings, drawings, and engravings on cave walls. A possible third category comprises pictures and symbols engraved on rock surfaces in the open air, but very little of this art has survived.

2-DISCOVERY
Paleolithic art was first discovered in the 1860s, when French paleontologist Edouard Lartet found portable decorated objects in caves and rock shelters in southwestern France. The objects were recognized as ancient by their proximity to Stone Age tools and the bones of Ice Age animals. The discoveries triggered a craze for digging in caves in search of objects, but little attention was paid to the drawings on the walls.

A local landowner’s discovery in 1880 of Paleolithic paintings in the Spanish cave of Altamira was greeted at first with skepticism by archaeologists. In 1895 walls covered with engravings were discovered in the cave of La Mouthe, in the Dordogne region of southwestern France. Rubble had previously blocked the entrance to this cave, and Paleolithic deposits in the rubble indicated that the cave paintings were of considerable age. In 1901 engravings were found in the cave of Les Combarelles and paintings in nearby Font de Gaume, in the same region of France as La Mouthe. In 1902 archaeologists publicly recognized the existence of cave art. Thereafter, numerous new sites were revealed, and discoveries continue, especially in France and Spain. In 1994 a Frenchman named Jean-Marie Chauvet discovered a cave in the Ardèche Valley of southeastern France. The Chauvet cave contains paintings of a wide variety of animals that date back 32,000 years, making them the oldest cave paintings yet discovered.

Until recently, very little Paleolithic art had been found outside of caves. But since 1981, archaeologists have discovered a number of outdoor sites in Spain, Portugal, Australia, and South Africa. In 1994, along the River Côa in northeastern Portugal, explorers came across rocks engraved with human figures, horses, ibex, and wild cattle. The artists apparently hammered dotted outlines of the animals and then connected the dots with scored lines. Archaeologists estimate that these paintings are about 20,000 years old. Scientists now believe that such art may have been quite common, although little of it has survived erosion by wind and rain.

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This portion of a cave painting in what is now Lascaux, France, was done by Paleolithic artists about 13,000 bc. The leaping cow and group of small horses were painted with red and yellow ochre that was either blown through reeds onto the wall or mixed with animal fat and applied with reeds or thistles. It is believed that prehistoric hunters painted these in order to gain magical powers that would ensure a successful hunt.

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3-THE MEANING OF CAVE ART
Scholars first thought cave art was purely decorative, with no complex meanings. As they made further discoveries, meaningful patterns began to emerge, raising certain questions. Why did artists depict a limited range of species? Why do so many paintings, drawings, and engravings appear in inaccessible places within caves? Why were some caves decorated but apparently not inhabited? Mysterious symbols, figures that are purposely incomplete or ambiguous, and certain associations of figures all seem to indicate that there is some underlying meaning to this art. Although most of these questions remain unanswered, scholars have explored a number of theories.

According to a theory popular in the early 20th century, Stone Age people drew pictures of animals for the purpose of affecting real animals in some way. Those who supported this theory saw ritual and magic in every aspect of Paleolithic art. They concluded, for example, that ritual destruction was the reason for the large number of broken decorated objects found on cave floors, and that superimposing darts or other weapons on the images of some animals may have been intended to ensure successful hunting. However, ritual breakage is still a debatable theory, and the arguments for ritual painting of weapons are not conclusive either. Very few Paleolithic animal figures have weapons drawn on them, weapons also appear on some human figures, and many caves have no images of this type at all. Other problems with the theory include the absence of any clear hunting scenes and the fact that animal bones found in many decorated caves are not of the same species as those depicted on the walls.

Another popular theory proposes that cave art served as fertility magic. According to this theory, humans drew pictures of animals that they hoped would reproduce and provide food in the future. Yet artists very seldom indicated the gender of the animals shown, and genitalia are rarely emphasized in the drawings. Copulation appears in only one or two questionable examples. Some scholars are exploring a variation on this theory: that cave art was created in a ritual of renewal and that redrawing a picture each year, sometimes directly on top of an old drawing, was intended to ensure the return of that species each spring.

Two French scholars, Annette Laming-Emperaire and André Leroi-Gourhan, put forth a theory in the late 1950s that cave art had been created in carefully composed configurations within each cave. They saw the animal pictures not as portraits of animals, but as symbols. Because images of horses and bison, the most common by far, were typically concentrated in central panels, they concluded that these two dominant images represented a basic duality, which they understood to be male and female.

Some researchers are currently attempting to develop criteria for identifying the work of individual artists, who may have been women or men. Other researchers have found that the most richly decorated panels appear in caves with especially good acoustics, suggesting that sound played an important part in any ceremonies that might have accompanied the making of cave art.

Many other theories are under investigation, but no single explanation is likely to apply to all Paleolithic art, since it comprises artwork created over a period of at least 20,000 years and from widely varying parts of the world.

4-METHODS AND MATERIALS
Paleolithic artists made objects from a variety of materials. They made simple forms by modifying natural objects—making holes in teeth, shells, and bones, or carving them to form beads or pendants. Beads, bracelets, and armlets were also made out of ivory. Engraved drawings appear on small flat stones, flat bones, the shafts of bones, and antlers. The vast majority of Paleolithic statuettes are made of ivory or soft stone, but a few clay figurines of humans and animals have survived.

Art on cave walls was created using an astonishing variety of techniques. Some images incorporate the natural contours of the rock or of mineral formations known as stalagmites to represent or accentuate parts of animal figures. Other marks come from fingers pressed into a soft layer of clay that covered the rock. In some caves, finger lines trace recognizable figures in clay. Work in clay, found only in sites in the Pyrenees Mountains of southwestern Europe, also includes engravings in cave floors and low-relief figures modeled in artificial clay mounds. Cave artists modeled bison in high relief in the French cave of Le Tuc d’Audoubert, while at the cave of Montespan, also in France, a three-dimensional bear sculpture was formed out of about 700 kg (about 1500 lb) of clay.

Wall sculpture, in both low and high relief, has only been discovered in the central regions of France, where the limestone could be shaped. Traces of red pigment remain on almost all wall sculptures, evidence that, like most portable art, they were once painted.

The red pigment used to paint on cave walls consists of iron oxide, found in clays and ores, while the black pigment is manganese or charcoal. These materials were usually available locally. Analysis of these pigments has revealed that artists used recipes to prepare paint, combining pigments with talc or feldspar to increase their bulk and adding animal and plant oils to bind the materials.

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This so-called Venus figurine from the area of Willendorf, Austria, is one of the earliest known examples of sculpture, dating from about 23,000 bc. The figure, which is carved out of limestone, is only 11.25 cm (4.5 in) high, and was probably designed to be held in the hand. It is believed the Venus may be a fertility symbol, which would explain the exaggerated female anatomy.